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Iran is increasingly blending hazardous petrochemicals—some banned in other countries—into its gasoline supply to offset production shortfalls, according to confidential documents obtained by Iran Open Data. Iran is increasingly blending hazardous petrochemicals—some banned in other countries—into i

Iran’s military budget for the Persian year 1404 (2025) has surged to an estimated $23.1 billion, marking a 35% increase from the previous year, according to a new analysis by Iran Open Data (IOD). Iran’s military budget for the Persian year 1404 (2025) has surged to an estimated $23.1 billion, mark

Nearly half of Iran’s 2025 military budget will be paid in crude oil, funding secretive projects linked to the IRGC. Iran Open Data breaks down the details. Nearly half of Iran’s military budget this year will be paid not in cash, but in crude oil, a new analysis by Iran Open Data (IOD) shows.Iran’s

Iran's trade landscape has been fundamentally reshaped, with China's dominance and the marginalization of Western partners reflecting the impact of sanctions, geopolitical shifts, and the rise of Asian economic power. Over the past 25 years, Iran's trade landscape has undergone a significa

Iran’s proposed new hijab law imposes harsher penalties for dress code violations than for drug trafficking, sparking widespread outrage and concerns over legal priorities and human rights. Iran’s proposed hijab law, "Supporting the Family by Promoting the Culture of Chastity and Hijab," introduces

As Iran faces soaring inflation and economic strain, the government’s 2024 budget reveals a different priority: 25% of the national budget is allocated to military spending.... As Iran struggles with soaring inflation and a weakening economy, the government’s spending priorities seem misaligned. Whi

Once a regional leader in oil refining, Iran now struggles with outdated technology and underinvestment. Despite its capacity, the country produces low-quality products. Modernization is crucial to regain competitiveness and improve efficiency in the energy market. Historically, Iran led the Middle

Iran is grappling with an energy crisis driven by rising consumption and inefficiency. Despite lower GDP per capita, Iran's energy use surpasses countries like Turkey. Criticism of the low efficiency of car engines in Iran and their high fuel consumption is common but only highlights part of th

Iran’s LNG ambitions are obstructed by outdated technology, sanctions, and insufficient investment. These challenges hinder its ability to compete with other regional and global LNG producers, casting doubt on Iran’s prospects in the LNG sector. Major reforms are crucial for progress. Iran has long

For nearly a decade, Iran led in converting power stations to natural gas. However, over the last 15 years, corruption and mismanagement forced the government to limit industrial power to prevent outages, impacting growth. For nearly a decade (1999-2008), Iran led the Middle East in terms of convert

Since January 2020, Iran has been burning unsold fuel oil in power stations, causing severe air pollution, while importing costly low-sulfur fuel oil for international obligations, leading to economic losses. Since January 2020, Iran has been struggling to sell its fuel oil and, as a result, has bee

This data is taken from table number 11-2 from page 112 of the report Average changes in crude oil and gold prices compared to the previous period - 2020 - 2023.